Biogas is a mixture of 56% methane gas (CH4), 40% carbon dioxide (C02) and rest, a mixture of H2, H2S and N2. It is produced by digestion, Pyrolysis and hydro gasification in a specific plant called as Biogas Plant. Biogas plants are of various types like — Janata biogas plant, Dean Bandhu biogas plant, Khadi and Village Industries Corporation (KVIC) type biogas plant, Pragati Design biogas plant and Chinese biogas plant.
Cattle dung has been used in India to sweep cutcha houses and to make cakes for burning in kitchens. One of the best uses of dung is for making compost etc. manure. Indians, especially Hindus use cow dung for making compost, dung cakes and for religious purposes.
The dry weight of organic matter produced by plants, their derivatives and wastes are called as BIOMASS. The biomass includes crop residues, plant parts, body parts of dead animals and animal wastes. As biomass is created due to photosynthesis by plants, so energy from biomass or bio wastes is regarded as another form of solar energy.
Plants and trees shed their leaves from time to time. This happens due to a number of reasons. From some plants and tree leaves continue falling throughout the year. At the same time new leaves continue developing to compensate their number.
The engineer couple of Chandigarh, Punjab has established a biogas plant in Barsana. From this plant about 300 unit electricity is generated per day. It is through this electricity that fourteen tube wells are run in the Goshalas.
The organic matter formed through degradation of decomposable biomass and which is rich in nutrients for the growth and development of plants is called as compost.
Energy is the basic force capable of running life. But, the sources of energy are running short.
