All biosphere ecosystems have well-organized functions, such as cycling nutrients through food chains, operating biogeochemical cycles, and maintaining the energy flow received by green plants through solar radiation.
Interdependence between two species through which individuals of either one or both species benefit is called positive interdependence. The benefits to the individual of any species through this relationship may be continuous or transitory, obligate or facultative. Both partners in this type of relationship may be in close contact; one may be inside some specific area or attached to the surface of the other’s body. Positive interdependence is divided into three major types: mutualism, Commensalism, and proto-cooperation.
A habitat is the natural home or environment of an animal, plant, or other organism.
Ecosystems can be categorised into two broad categories: natural and artificial. Natural Ecosystems are those ecosystems that operate by themselves under natural conditions. These ecosystems are further categorized as Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecosystems. Terrestrial ecosystems relate to lands, whereas Aquatic ecosystems relate to fresh or marine water. Freshwater ecosystems may be Lotic or Lentic. Lotic are running water ecosystems like springs, streams or rivers, whereas Lentic Fresh Water Ecosystems may be found in standing waters of lakes, ponds, pools, puddles, ditches, swamps, etc. Marine Ecosystems are found in marine waters of salt lakes, seas, oceans and estuaries. Artificial Ecosystems are man-engineered ecosystems like crop fields, artificial ponds and lakes, aquaria, fish ponds, and abandoned mines reclaimed as lakes or water bodies for recreation.
The environment has two basic components: Biotic and Abiotic. The biotic components of an ecosystem are living beings—plants, animals, and…
The conditions of a habitat remain changing abruptly and periodically. Abrupt changes in environment often do not give time to an organism to get ready and to face the challenges. As such the organism can survive only when it has sufficient abilities to tolerate these changes.
Living beings interact with each other, with members of other species, and with components of the abiotic environment in an…
Ecological Niche Dictionary defines the term Niche as a comfortable or suitable position in the life of a living being or a role taken by a type of organism within its community. In other words, an ecological niche is the role and position a species has in its environment, for example, how it meets its food and shelter needs, survives, and reproduces. A species’ niche includes all of its interactions with its environment’s biotic and abiotic factors.
The environment of our earth has a number of life zones that support birth and development of all types of organisms.
All the life zones of the earth are collectively called as Biosphere.
The biosphere vertically extends into the atmosphere up to about 10 km and downwards into the oceans up to a depth of about6.9 km.
The processes of development through years have spurred on unplanned urbanization, extensive industrialization followed by different types of pollutions, construction of a series of mega dams, and large-scale application of Agro-chemicals.
